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Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe - it's actually controversial because it honours only the memories of the Jews killed in the holocaust. Many forget about the other groups murdered in the holocaust - the Gypsies, homosexuals, and political prisoners. The German government has promised to build memorials to these other persecuted groups in the future.
Finally, note the pillars that make up the memorial - they are all specially coated with a chemical that allows for easy removal of neo-Nazi graffiti.