Tumbaya

Tumbaya was the site of one of the last functioning encomiendas. Villagers were required to work without pay for the "patrón" until 1994, when Celestina Avalos won the expropriation of the land back to the community. Note the cemetery on the ridge above town.

Defending Indigenous Rights in Northern Argentina

April 24th 2023
A medicinal herbs expert, a human rights advocate, a de-colonization activist, and a mother with a passion for creative baking using Andean ingredients; Celestina Avalos is all of that and more. This blog (and all my blogs) is available on my website with more photos. I first went to Tumbaya to learn abou ... read more

South America » Argentina » Jujuy » Quebrada de Humahuaca

Following independence from Spain in 1816, Argentina experienced periods of internal political conflict between conservatives and liberals and between civilian and military factions. After World War II, a long period of Peronist authoritarian rule an... ... read more

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