A Students Report

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Hi, My name is Sadeiah. While in China this summer for 1 month I went to school to study Chinese language. I got a certificate from school. But I did this project on my own about China. So this is my project. Everyone liked my project. Hope you enjoy.


CHINA
by Sadeiah M.

Facts About China

1. Population: 1,336,718,015

2. Capital: Beijing

3. Major Cities: Shanghai, Tianjin, Shenyang, Wuhan, Guangzhou, Chongqing, Harbin, Chengdu

4. Area: 3,705,407 square miles

5. Bordering Countries: Fourteen

6. Coastline: 9,010 miles

7. Highest Point: Mount Everest at 29,035 feet
8. Lowest Point: Turpan Pendi at -505 feet

Introduction:
China is the third largest country in the world in terms of area but it is the world's largest based on population. The country is a developing nation with a capitalist economy that is controlled politically by communist leadership. Chinese civilization began more than 5,000 years ago and the nation has played a crucial role in world history and is continuing to do so today.


History
Modern Chinese history began in 1912 after the last Chinese emperor abdicated the throne and the country became a republic. After 1912 political and military instability were common in China and it was initially fought over by different warlords. Shortly thereafter, two political parties or movements began as a solution to the country's problems. These were the Kuomintang, also called the Chinese National Party, and the Communist Party.

Problems later began for China in 1931 when Japan seized Manchuria - an act that eventually began a war between the two nations in 1937. During the war, the Communist Party and the Kuomintang cooperated with each other to defeat Japan but later in 1945 a civil war between the Kuomintang and the communists broke out. This civil war killed more than 12 million people. Three years later the civil war ended with a win by the Communist Party and leader Mao Zedong, which then led to the establishment of the People's Republic of China in October 1949.

During the early years of communist rule in China and the People's Republic of China, mass starvation, malnutrition and disease were common. In addition, there was an idea for a highly planned economy at this time and the rural population was divided into 50,000 communes, each of which were responsible for farming and running different industries and schools.

In an effort to further jump-start China's industrialization and political change Chairman Mao began the "Great Leap Forward" initiative in 1958. The initiative failed however and between 1959 and 1961, famine and disease again spread throughout the country. Shortly thereafter in 1966, Chairman Mao began the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution which put local authorities on trial and attempted to change historic customs to give the Communist Party more power.

In 1976, Chairman Mao died and Deng Xiaoping became China's leader. This led to economic liberalization but also a policy of government controlled capitalism and a still strict political regime. Today, China remains much the same, as every aspect of the country is heavily controlled by its government.

China's government is a communist state with unicameral legislative branch called the National People's Congress that is made up of 2,987 members from the municipal, regional and provincial level. There is also a judicial branch comprised of the Supreme People's Court, Local People's Courts and Special People's Courts.

China is divided into 23 provinces, five autonomous regions and four municipalities. National suffrage is 18 years of age and the main political party in China is the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). There are also smaller political parties in China, but all are controlled by the CCP.

China's economy has changed rapidly in recent decades. In the past, it was focused around a highly planned economic system with specialized communes and was closed to international trade and foreign relations. In the 1970s however, this began to change and today China is more economically tied to the world's countries. In 2008, China was the world's second largest economy.

Today, China's economy is 43% agriculture, 25% industrial and 32% service related. Agriculture consists mainly of items like rice, wheat, potatoes and tea. Industry is focused on raw mineral processing and the manufacturing of a wide variety of items.

China is located in Eastern Asia with its borders along several countries and the East China Sea, Korea Bay, the Yellow Sea, and the South China Sea. China is divided into three geographic regions: the mountains to the west, the various deserts and basins in the northeast and the low lying valleys and plains in the east. Most of China however consists of mountains and plateaus such as the Tibetan Plateau which leads into the Himalayan Mountains and Mount Everest.
Because of its area and variations in topography, China's climate is also varied. In the south it is tropical, while the east is temperate and the Tibetan Plateau is cold and arid. The northern deserts are also arid and the northeast is cold temperate.

I have lots of photos of peaks and valleys and mountains that I couldn't put here. But China is a magnificent place.

The end.
Sadeiah is a middle schooler

And some photo pics are added to show my adventure in China.

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Photos

Rub famous knobs at Forbidden City
Like in Karate Kid