Portrait of the Qing Dynasty Cixi, Imperial Dowager Empress of China in the 1900s
A cunning survivor, Dowager Empress Cixi squandered public funds to maintain a most luxurious life. First persecuting the Boxers, she later encouraged their bloody Rebellion and won the Boxer's support. Her actions began the downfall of the Manchu Qing Dynasty and its last Emperor PuYi, leading to the Chinese Republic in 1911. (The image is in the public domain, because its copyright has expired.)