Estonian Geography, Estonia Geography
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Location: Eastern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea and Gulf of Finland, between Latvia and Russia
Geographic coordinates: 59 00 N, 26 00 E
Map references: Europe
Area: Total: 45,226 sq km land: 43,211 sq km water: 2,015 sq km note: includes 1,520 islands in the Baltic Sea
Area - comparative: Slightly smaller than New Hampshire and Vermont combined
Land boundaries: Total: 633 km border countries: Latvia 339 km, Russia 294 km
Coastline: 3,794 km
Maritime claims: Territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: limits fixed in coordination with neighboring states
Climate: Maritime, wet, moderate winters, cool summers
Terrain: Marshy, lowlands; flat in the north, hilly in the south
Elevation extremes: Lowest point: Baltic Sea 0 m highest point: Suur Munamagi 318 m
Natural resources: Oil shale, peat, phosphorite, clay, limestone, sand, dolomite, arable land, sea mud
Land use: Arable land: 16.04% permanent crops: 0.45% other: 83.51% (2001)
Irrigated land: 40 sq km (1998 est.)
Natural hazards: Sometimes flooding occurs in the spring
Environment - current issues: Air polluted with sulfur dioxide from oil-shale burning power plants in northeast; however, the amount of pollutants emitted to the air have fallen steadily, the emissions of 2000 were 80% less than in 1980; the amount of unpurified wastewater discharged to water bodies in 2000 was one twentieth the level of 1980; in connection with the start-up of new water purification plants, the pollution load of wastewater decreased; Estonia has more than 1,400 natural and manmade lakes, the smaller of which in agricultural areas need to be monitored; coastal seawater is polluted in certain locations
Environment - international agreements: Party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ship Pollution, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography - note: The mainland terrain is flat, boggy, and partly wooded; offshore lie more than 1,500 islands
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The information here has been derived from Public Domain Sources such as the CIA World Factbook. No liability can be taken for any inaccuracies.
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