Ephesus was a major trading centre in the pre-Christian era, and on an important trade route. As a port city it offered, in addition to business pursuits, brothels, theaters, temples and one of the world's largest libraries. Plus a huge shopping street (the Arcadian Way) apparently offering goods from throughout the Mediterranean. In pre-Hellenic times it was the cult centre of Cybele, the Anatolian goddess of fertility. Seafaring Ionians arriving in the 10th century BC re-purposed her as Artemis, goddess of the hunt. By the 2nd century BC, Ephesus had become the capital of the Roman province of Asia and Artemis had been renamed Diana. Ephesus eventually became Christian, but of course not without a struggle. My guidebook notes: The Gospel of Luke recounts how the city's silversmiths drove St. Paul out of Ephesus for fear
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