2019-12 Siem Reap, Cambodia
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Published: January 2nd 2020
Siem Reap
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Cambodia:
Dat nuoc Cambodia co 97%!l(MISSING)a nguoi Mien va .1%!l(MISSING)a nguoi Viet Nam tren manh dat rong 181,000km2 bang nua Viet Nam va chi co 15 trieu nguoi bang 1/6 Viet Nam. Duoc doc lap tu Phap nam 1953. Hien tai shihamini la Vua cua xu nay nhung Hun Sen la thu Tuong la thu tuong lau nhat Dong nam A tu nam 1985. Bi Phap do ho tu nam 1863. Trong thoi chien tranh Viet Nam Cambodia bi tha bom tu 1969 den 1973. Dao Phat duoc mang vao Cambodia tu An Do va ca hon 1,000 chua duoc xay va chua lon nhat o lang Ankor la Angor Wat va la Unesco site,
Nuoc Cambodia duoc thanh hinh tu 802 truoc Tay lich.
Vao the ky 19
th Viet Nam co su tranh chap voi Khmer . Luc bay gio Viet Nam muon chiem lay Khmer va bat Khmer theo phong tuc cu nguoi Viet Nam. Co nhieu cuoc noi day cua nguoi Khmer chong lai Viet Nam de roi nguoi Khmer nho Thai Lan giup do de di den chien tranh giu Viet Nam va Siem La bay gio
la Thai Lan tu 1841 den 1845.
Chien tranh giua Siem La va Viet nam duoi trieu Nguyen, cuoi cung cua trieu Nguyen duoi thoi vua Gia Long, con Siem La duoi trieu dai Chadri Dynasty. Tuong Viet Nam cam dau boi Truong Minh Giang, Nguyen Cong Tru va Nguyen Tri Phuong. Cuoc chien tranh nay phat nguon tu cuoc chien tranh giua Siem La va Viet Nam nam 1831 den 1834.
Trong cuoc chien 1831-1834 Siem La hay Thai Lan bay gio xam lang Cambodia va mien Nam Viet Nam chiem dong Chau Doc va Vinh long nhung sau do bi Viet Nam day luoi. Vua Minh Mang va Truong Minh Giang cua Viet Nam tan cong Siem La o Khmer de thanh lap Cong Chua Khmer la Ang Chau len ngoi hoang de Khmer. Va sau do danh duoi Siem La tro ve nuoc va Viet Nam bat dau chiem dong Khmer. Viet Nam dua hoang hau Ang Mey cua Khmer len ngoi. Co nhieu phong trao o Khmer chong doi Viet Nam va cac phong trao nay cau vien Siem La va Siem La dong y giup Khner danh Viet Nam.
Chinh vi su
that bai nay ma Siem La mang long buc tuc nen khi Khmer cau vien Siem La nam 1841 de duoi Viet Nam ra khoi Khmer thi Siem La dong y ngay.
Quan Viet Nam rut ve An Giang. Quan Siem La danh chiem Saigon cung voi 2 Hoang tu cua Khmer la An Im va Ang Duong. Sau do quan Viet Nam tu Hue va dong bang song Cuu Long tan cong lai quan Siem La va chiem lai Saigon va quan Siem La rut ve Khmer va nhan co hoi nay chiem Khmer. Quan Khmer bay gio lai cau vien Viet Nam de duoi Siem La va Viet nam danh Siem la ra khoi Khmer.
Hop uoc hoa binh ky nam 1846 giua Siem La va Viet Nam dat Khmer duoi su bao ve cua Siem La va Viet Nam. Su bao ve nay keo dai den khi Phap xam lang Khmer nam 1863 va Khmer dat duoi su kiem xoat cua Phap den nam 1953 Phap rut khoi Cambodia tra lai su doc lap cho Khmer va Viet Nam sau su dau hang cua Phap o tran Dien Bien Phu.
Khi Sihanouk
chet nam 1960 thi con ong len thay luc bay gio chien tranh Viet Nam dang tiep dien va Sihanouk quyet dinh dung trung lap nhung cho cong san Bac Viet dung bien gioi de danh mien Nam Viet Nam. Nam 1967 Sihanouk noi rang neu My muon tieu diet Cong san tren dat Cambodia thi ong khong quan tam mien la khong giet nguoi Cambodia. Nhung sau do Sihanouk lai phan doi viec My nem bom tren lanh tho Cambodia.
Nam 1970 khi Sihanouk vieng Bac Kinh thi Lon Nol dao chanh nam lay chanh quyen va duoc My ung ho. Sau do Lon Nol yeu cau Bac Viet rut khoi Cambodia. Bac Viet ben tan cong chanh phu Lon Nol. King Sihanouk keu goi ung ho Bac Viet lat do Lon Nol. Khmer do xu dung su ung ho cua Sihanouk de tan cong Lon Nol voi su ho tro cua Bac Viet va Bac Viet tao nen chanh phu dieu hanh boi Khmer Do.
Tu nam 1969 den 1973 Viet Nam Cong Hoa va My tha bom xuong Cambodia de pha tan lang song cong san tai day.
Nam 1970 cuoc cach mang thanh
lap nen chanh phu theo Hoa Ky. King Cambodia bi truat phe nen ong ung ho ke thu truoc kia la Khmer Do. Khmer do tan chiem Phnom Penh nam 1975 de roi nan diet chung xay ra tu 1975 den 1979 duoi su lanh dao cua Pol Pot bien Cambodia thanh Communist. Khmer do duoi dan thanh thi ve vung kinh te moi , noi day ho bi giet gan 2 trieu nguoi hay ¼ dan so cua khoang 7 trieu nguoi luc bay gio trong do co 20,000 nguoi Viet nam song tren dat Cambodia. Nhung trai tap trung hay Killing Fields giet tren 2 trieu nguoi. Den nam 1979 Viet Nam xam lang Cambodia de lat do Khmer do va Killing fields cham dut. Khmer do giet nhung ai co lien he voi chanh quyen cu va hay chanh quyen nuoc ngoai. Pol Pot duoc cuu boi co quan vien tro cua nuoc ngoai. Cheoung Ek la noi noi tieng ve Killing fields cach Phnom Peng 17 km. The Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum la noi o Phnom Penh co nhieu di tich cua killing Fieds. Truoc kia noi day la truong hoc.
Thang 8-1978 Viet Nam
tan cong Cambodia vi su cap duong nguoi Viet o vung bien gioi Viet Cambodia boi Khmer do. Luc bay gio co chanh phu lien hiep duoc thanh lap tai Cambodia gom 3 thanh phan va duoc lien Hiep Quoc chap nhan la Khmer do, nhom trung thanh voi Sihanouk va Khmer People’s Libration Front. Tuy nhien Viet Nam khong chiu rut lui nen My cam van Viet Nam.
Nam 1993 Sihanouk thanh lap King cua Cambodia nhu xua. Den nam 1997 cuoc dao chanh dung dau boi Hun Sen lat do chanh quyen khong cong san. Hun Sen thanh lap chanh phu chap nhan vao ASEAN voi da dang.Va Hun Sen la thu tuong Cambodia lau nhat Dong nam A tu 1985 den nay la 35 nam.
Hun Sen tung song o Saigon va noi tieng Viet luu loat. Gia tai cua Hen Sen len den 100 trieu My kim va lam chu 114 cong ty mac dau ong noi ong lam Thu Tuong cua Cambodia voi so luong la 1,150 do la mot thang. Vo cua Hun Sen la nguoi Viet Nam lay nhau khi Hun Sen song o Viet Nam. Hun Sen chi co mot
vo duy nhat mac dau giau co tuy nhien Hun Sen co nhieu dao chan dai. Moi lan vo cua Hun Sen biet duoc nguoi ma Hun Sen chan goi ba ta lien cho thuoc ha thu tieu de lam guong cho nhung chan dai khac.
Hun Sen co can biet thu rat dep nam o bo bien Ochheu Teal Beach ma duoc goi la the most Beautiful Bays in the World. Biet thu dai khoang 300m va rong khoang 200m duoc bao quanh boi tuong da kinh khong nhin thay ben trong ma ben trong co nhung can nha khong cao lam.
Hien nay Trung Cong xam lang kinh te Cambodia bang cach nao?
Gan day nhat 6/2019 Trung Cong vien tro cho Cambodia de xay dung quoc phong cua Cambodia voi so tien la 90 trieu do la. Trung Cong hua se mua gao tu Cambodia den 400,000 tan dong thoi xay tren 100 casino va ca chuc hotels va resorts o Sihanouk Ville. Trong khi do Cambodia rut lui tu su tro giup kinh te cua Au Chau.
Hun Sen yeu cau Trung cong giu xay duong xa lua, xay nha
may dien va he thong 5G giao thong dien tu.
Tu nam 1994 Trung Cong da dau tu 12.6 ty do la vao Cambodia.
Thang 3-2019 hang China Road and Bridge Corporation de xay Expressway dau tien o Cambodia voi chi phi len den 2 ty My kim Expressway nay noi lien giu Sihanoukville va Phnom Penh dai 190km ma Cambodia khong tra dong nao tuy nhien Tau Cong se xay nhieu tram thau le phi va tien nay duoc dua ve Trung Cong nhu la de tra lai tien phi xay duong. Trung Cong dung cung chuyen thuat voi cac nuoc Phi Chau nhu Kenya, Ethiopia va nhieu nuoc o Phi Chau.
Cambodia cung cho Trung Cong thue dai han 99 nam khu dat tren thanh pho doc theo bo bien ten la Koh Kong chiem 20% tong so bo bien cua Cambodia.
Chuyen gi xay ra?
Thong Doc Yun Min cua Sihanoukville phan nan rang te trang xa hoi gia tan trong thanh pho Sihanoukville nhu di diem, ma co, truom cap.Dong thoi cac cua tiem, khach san, va cac dich vu cua Cambodia tai day bi gan di den pha san vi
khong canh tranh lai voi hang xuong Tau cong. Ngoai ra con nan long hanh cua cac cong nhan xay dung cua Tau cong den Sihanouk Ville lam viec. Vi muon tao cong an viec lam cho dan Tau nen Tau cong dung dat o xu nguoi de xay khach san, thuong xa roi mang nhan cong tau cong den day lam viec. Mo hang xuong kinh doanh roi mang tien ve Tau. Cac hang xuong, co hang cua Cambodia canh tranh khong lai cua hang cua Tau Cong nen co nhieu cua hang bi dong cua. Truong hop nay cung se xay ra o cac hang hanh khong bay ve A Chau. Cac hang may bay cua Tau cong nhu China Air, China Esatern, China Southern ban ve may bay ve A chau rat re de roi cac hang may bay khac nhu Thais Airways, Singapore Airlines…canh tranh khong lai co the mot thoi gian se dong cua.
Nam 2017 Cambodia ky khe uoc voi Trung Cong tri gia 17.54 ty do la trong khi tong so san luong quoc gia cua Cambodia chi co 20 ty.
O Phnom Penh, hang Guangzhou R&F Properties cua Tau Cong
xay 5,000 don vi tri gia 2 ty My Kim tren con duong mang ten Hun Sen, thu tuong Cambodia trong lo dat 7 hectas. Sau khi xay xong vao 5-2019 da ban duoc trong thang dau tien voi siotien la 31.6 trieu do la. Nguoi mua la ai? La nhung Tau cong mua vao Cambodia sinh song nhu la hinh thuc di dan cua Tua cong de giai quyet nan nhan man o Tau Cong.
O Diamond Island o Phnom Penh nhieu song bai moc len, nhieu xe Rolls Royces dau truoc cua cua nguoi Tau den cac song bac de choi bai.
Nhan vien chanh quyen Cambodia noi rang: 70% cua dan Cambodia khong thich nguoi Tau. Nguoi Tau khien ho nho lai thoi ky Khmer Do vi nguoi Tau rat manh khoe.
O Sihanoukville rat nhieu pho xa, nha hang, cua tiem Tau Cong moc len va tien thue rat cao khien cho cac thuong buon nguoi Cambodia khong muon noi va phai don di khoi thanh pho de roi mot ngay nao do Sihanoukville tru thanh China Town.
Co quan du lich cua chanh phu Cambodia uoc luong nam 2017 co den
1.2 du khach Tau Cong den Canbodia, 50% gia tang tu nam truoc do 2016. Nam 2017 Trong khi o Sihanoukville cua Cambodia co dan so la 157,000 nguoi ma du khach Tau Cong la 160,000 nguoi vuot qua dan tai day. Cung nhu tai Boten, Lao, mot khu tu tri cua Trung Cong tron lanh tho Lao ma toi da den do vao nam 2018. Tai Boten Trung cong xay dung co xuong ma toi chua tung thay muc do xay cat ram ro o bat cu noi nao nhu vay con cao hon o My. Tau Cong chieu du dan Tau den do lap nghiep bang cach cho tien tren moi dau nguoi de den noi dan Tau o Boten nhieu hon dan Lao de roi thanh pho Boten co ngon ngu chanh la tieng Tau, dan Lao di vao Boten phai xin phep Tau. Buon thay dan Lao di tren lanh tho cua chinh minh ma phai xin phep Tau. Tren duong pho hay xa lo xe cua TRung cong di co treo tro Trung Cong truoc xe va mang ban so Trung Cong. Roi o Cambodia cung the.
Mot nguoi dan ong Cambodia ten la
Vanny 27 tuoi don tu Phnom Penh den Sihanoukvielle lam viec voi so tien la 11 do la mot ngay tai hang xay cat va vo ong lam o nha hang Tau voi so tien tuong duong nhung kha hon o Phnom Penh nhung phai song trong can lieu chat hep o ngoai o vi tien thue qua dac o thanh phi Sihanoukvielle. Trong khi mot nguoi Tau tu Tau cong noi duoc tieng Tau lam luong la 1,200 do la mot thang. Trung binh o day nguoi giup viec nha tien luong la 250 do mot thang con lam trong co xuong may quan ao thi la 170 do mot thang. Nguoi nao noi duoc tieng tau thi duoc theu gap doi luong do do dan chung Cambodia keo nhau di hoc tieng Tau. Lau ngay Sihanoukville tro thanh pho Tau noi tieng Tau, an com Tau lam viec chi Tau nhu thanh pho Boten cua Lao ma toi da den nam 2018.
Sihanoukville la dac khu kinh te cua Tau( Special Economic Zone) duoc thanh lap nam 2008, co 125 cong ty mo co xuong tai day ma da so tu Tau Cong, phan nho tu Au
Chau.
Thi truong thanh pho Sihanoukville phan nan rang tu nhien nguoi Tau den mang den nhieu van de phai giai quyet la nhieu rac ren, nhien tai anh chi giang ho trong cac xong bac.
Luat cua Cambidia la toi da cho thue chi nguoi ngoai quoc la 55 nam nhung nguoi Tau vuot qua luat nay bang cacch mua quoc tich voi gia la 100,000 do de duoc lam chu dat dai suot doi. Co nhieu nguoi Cambodia phai dau long ban dat cua minh, mieng dat cua ong cha de lai.
O Boten , Lao, nguoi Tau mua dat nong nghiep roi trong cay an trai bo day chat hoa hoc de diet tru sau bo den noi anh huong den sanh mang cua tre em tai day va co nhieu tre em bi chet vi chat hoa hoc.
Ngoai viec Trung Cong lam xao tron doi song cua dan o day qua su tung quanh khai thac ky nghe tren dat Cambodia con co viec dan Tau cong den Cambodia song tren than xac cua cac phu nu Cambodia vi ngheo nen phu nu va nhat la nu vi thanh nien khoang
10 den 16 tuoi ban trinh de nuoi gia dinh va cha me. Co nhung ba me Cambodia xui con ban trinh de lay tien. Do la te trang cua xa hoi Cambodia hien tai. Co nhieu tre em trai khoang 9,10 tuoi duoc huan luyen lam moi gioi cho nhung chang trai Au Chau den vieng tham xu chua Thap. Moi khi thay du khach nhung de tre trai nay se den chao don va chieu du dan duong cho nhung du khach mua vui. Co nhieu du khach Au Chau rat xuc dong truoc te trang buon ban trinh tiet gai vi thanh nien nay da dung len de cuu voi gioi tre tai day ma khoang 20% la tre gai vi thanh nien den tu Viet Nam vi gia dinh ngheo phai den day ban trinh ban than de mang tien ve nuoi cha me.
Co nhung ba tu ba mang nhung dua be vi thanh nien den bac si de bac si chung nhan la con trinh roi mang giay chung nhan do cho du khach Tau xem de ban cho du khach Tau voi gia khoang 3 den 5 ngan mot tuan. Du khach
Tau thich ngu voi gai con trinh vi them suc khoa va tri binh. Nhung co gai vi thanh nien nay trong so do co Viet Nam duoc huong khoang 35% so tien nay nghia la ba tu ba nhan duoc 5,000 do thi cac co gai vi thanh nien nhan duoc khoang 1,700 do mang ve nuoc de nuoi cha me. Te trang nay tao nen xa hoi Cambodia co nhieu bang dang ma co mua ban gai mai dam.
Co nhung cap co chong tu Saigon den Cambodia danh bai thua het tien vo bi cac ma co o xong bac du ban dam chia 50% cho ma co, 50% cho cac co gai de co tien danh tiep. Vi me danh bai va mong go lai tien voi nhung chieu du vo nguoi vo dong y ban dam de co tien danh tiep tu tu bien thanh co gai diem hoi nao khong hay. Ngay ca nguoi chong cung chang he hay biet va khi kham pha ra la co vo tu tu chet. Song bai da tao rat nhieu te trang xa boi, ma co, hut sach, mai dam…ma chanh quyen Cambodia phai duong dau.
Ho mo uoc duoc tro lai luc con han vi tuy ngheo ma thanh binh hanh phuc nhung qua tre. Nguoi Cambodia dang lo so dat nuoc ho mat vao tay Tau cong bat cu luc nao.
Do la bai hoc cho Viet Nam. Nhung gi xay ra o Cambochia co the dang va se xay ra o Viet Nam. Neu nguoi Viet Nam khong thuc tinh som thi se nhu Cambodia hien nay.
12-11-2019 Siem Reap
Hom qua toi di taxi ve hotel va tai xe taxi co hua dua toi di choi hom nay. Toi hen 8am nhung toi thuc day luc 4am va di xuong pho quanh hotel. Den 8am thi tai xe den. Anh ta dua toi den Angkor Wat noi dang xem nhat o Siem Reap.Toi da den day nam 2010 bay gio ben ngoai dang duoc sua chua. Du khach di vao bang ngo ben canh. Toi di quan nhung lang tam pho tuong Phat bi tan pha qua thoi gian. Neu du khach den day lan dau tien phai kinh hoang ve su kien truc o day vao thoi tien su trong khi luc bay gio ky thuat rat tho
so. Voi su kien truc dac biet ma ngay ca thoi ky nay chung chua chac xay duoc nhu vay. Toi di den Angkor Wat dau tien va Angkor Wat la di tich lon nhat va quan trong nhat o day. De vao day xem phai mua ve cho cac di tich cho cac Angkor o day gom Angkor Wat Angkor Thom, Bayon Temple, Banteay Srei May nam truoc toi den day va gia ve rat re bay gio ve vau cua la 37 do va phai chup hinh gan vao ve vi co nhieu nguoi trao lai cho nguoi khach dung. Toi khong the di het Angkor Wat vi lon qua nen ra cua de tai xe du toi den Angkor Thom.Bayon Temple nam trong Angkor. Bayon Temple duoc xay vao the ky 12 co kien truc la hon Angkor Wat nhung khong lon bang. Va dac biet trong Bayon Temple co rat nhieu hinh Phat duoc khac vao da, Noi day cung duoc Unesco chap nha nam 1992.
Sau do tai xe dua toi den Ta Prohm Temple. Noi day co temple lau nam va cay co thu moc di vao temple va la diem dac biec
tai day.
Tu day tai xe dua toi ve quan cua anh ta do ba vo lam dau bep an banh xeo do chinh vo anh ta lam. Nho co hoi nay toi moi biet la nguoi Cambodia an uong co truyen la ngoi tren sang go de an boc bang tay ma khong co dung dua hay muong nhu nguoi Vietnam.
An com xong anh tai xe dua chung toi di xem noi xay ra the killing field o Siem Reap.
Thang 1-1979 Khmer do bi lat do boi quan doi VietNam. Truoc do chanh quyen Khmer do da giet chet rat nhieu nha tri thuc Knmer. Nguoi nguoi bi danh dap tan nhan bang dao lon. Ho khong danh gay xuong nhung tu tu cat da thit nan nhan, roi Khmer do lay tro de len vet cat de ho them dau buoc.
Trong khi Thai tu Sihanook di Bac Kinh o nha tuong Lon Nol dao chanh ngay 18-3-1970 va duoc su ung ho cua My vi chanh quyen cua hai tu Shihanook de ung ho Bac VIet va de Bac Viet lap can cu o Cambodia. Lon Nol lanh dao Cambodia vao
nhung nam dau 1970. Sau khi Lon Nol bi truat phe ong ta bi dua qua song o Hawaii va chet tai do.
Con Pol Pot la thu lanh cua khmer do. Ong cO KHOANG 18,000 LINH VA DUOC TUYEN TU dan toc thieu Khmer duoc huan luyen theo che do cong san. NHung nguoi nay duoc Pol Pot luyen tu nho nhu hinh thuc nhoi so.
Toi den toi di xem Smile of Angchor tai Grand Theater.. Show nay co an uong va xem show sau do. Chuong btrinh rat hay ngoan muc ma toi hau nhu chua thay chuong trinh nao hay nhu vay. Toi khong ngo Cambodia co chuong trinh hay nhu vay. Tuy nhien sau do toi moi biet do la chuong trinh cua nguoi Malaysia to chuc chu khong do nguoi Cambodia.
Sau khi het show toi di thang den Night Market duoc to chuc moi dem giua thanh pho Siem Reap. Cho dem rat nhon nhiep va vui. Vui hon o Sangon vao dem voi rat dong du khach ngaoi quoc va rat an ninh mac dau cho cham dut vao 12 gio khuya.
Toi du dinh toi nay di
Phnom Penh de trua hom sau luc 1pm di ve Chau Doc bang Ferryawaii va chet tai do. Nhung thay hoi vat va ngu tren xe nen toi danh de sang hom sau di
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