Tongan Geography, Tonga Geography
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Location: Oceania, archipelago in the South Pacific Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand
Geographic coordinates: 20 00 S, 175 00 W
Map references: Oceania
Area: Total: 748 sq km land: 718 sq km water: 30 sq km
Area - comparative: Four times the size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries: 0 km
Coastline: 419 km
Maritime claims: Territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
Climate: Tropical; modified by trade winds; warm season (December to May), cool season (May to December)
Terrain: Most islands have limestone base formed from uplifted coral formation; others have limestone overlying volcanic base
Elevation extremes: Lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Kao Island 1,033 m
Natural resources: Fish, fertile soil
Land use: Arable land: 23.61% permanent crops: 43.06% other: 33.33% (2001)
Irrigated land: NA
Natural hazards: Cyclones (October to April); earthquakes and volcanic activity on Fonuafo'ou
Environment - current issues: Deforestation results as more and more land is being cleared for agriculture and settlement; some damage to coral reefs from starfish and indiscriminate coral and shell collectors; overhunting threatens native sea turtle populations
Environment - international agreements: Party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography - note: Archipelago of 169 islands (36 inhabited)
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The information here has been derived from Public Domain Sources such as the CIA World Factbook. No liability can be taken for any inaccuracies.
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